Comparison of Digital Biomarkers in Subjects With Radiologically Isolated Syndrome (RIS) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Patients With Clinically Normal Neurological Examination

Radiologically Isolated Syndrome (RIS) is the preclinical stage of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). It is the incidental discovery of white matter abnormalities on brain or spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), whose shape, topography and number are compatible with the radiological diagnostic criteria for MS. Individuals with a diagnosis of RIS should have a strictly normal neurological examination and, by definition, no history of clinical signs or symptoms that might suggest demyelinating disease. As recommended, patients with RIS benefit from brain and spinal cord MRI and a neurological examination by year to assess temporal dissemination (new T2 lesions and/or Gd+ lesions) and clinical manifestations. Epidemiological studies of RIS in the international RIS Consortium cohort have identified prognostic factors for conversion to multiple sclerosis. Five distinct long-term conversion ris