Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Patients Admitted to Non-neurological Rehabilitation Wards

Inclusion Criteria: * Age ≥45 years * Hospitalization for at least 7-10 days for a non-neurological condition, in cardiac, pulmonary, or orthopedic intensive rehabilitation units, or intermediate care units * Adequate fluency in the Italian language * Provision of written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Illiteracy * Severe, uncorrected visual impairment and/or hearing loss * Severe verbal communication deficit * Inability to remain seated for the duration of the assessment * Inability to use the dominant upper limb * Altered state of consciousness or alertness (e.g., delirium) * Severe scalp skin lesions or dermatitis precluding electrode application for neurophysiological recordings * Previous or current history of severe psychiatric disorders (e.g., psychotic disorders, bipolar disorder, severe major depressive disorder with psychotic symptoms, current suicidal risk, or other psychiatric conditions judged by the investigator to interfere with study participation, procedural compliance, or interpretation of results) * Previous history or current presence of clinically relevant neurological pathologies other than cognitive impairment (e.g., epilepsy, stroke, neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis, moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury, brain tumors, central nervous system infections, or other neurological conditions that may influence cognitive, behavioral, or neurological functioning, or otherwise compromise the study objectives)