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🗺️ Disease Atlas · Reproductive system or breast disease

female reproductive organ cancer

A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the female reproductive system. Representative examples include endometrial carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma, adenosarcoma, malignant mixed mesodermal (mullerian) tumor, and gestational choriocarcinoma.

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🧬17708genes / proteins with evidence
💊33drugs and clinical candidates
🧪12+recruiting trials worldwide
✅13phase 2
📈14phase 1
🧬

Understand female reproductive organ cancer

Cancer · Cells that grow out of control
🎓 Learn more

What it is

Cancer is a disease in which abnormal cells in the body grow out of control and form a tumor. Ovarian cancer is a cancerous tumor that forms in the tissues of an ovary. The ovaries are a pair of female reproductive glands that make eggs and female hormones.

What are the types of ovarian cancer?

There are a few different types of ovarian cancer. The most common type is epithelial cancer. It begins in the cells that cover the ovary.

From MedlinePlus: Ovarian Cancer (US National Library of Medicine) ↗

🧬 Cancer: Cancer is a group of diseases in which some of the body's cells grow and divide without control, and can spread to other parts of the body.

❓ Why it happens

  • Changes (mutations) build up in the genes that tell a cell when to grow, divide and die.
  • Most of these changes happen during life: tobacco, too much sun, alcohol, some infections (such as HPV and hepatitis B and C), radiation, obesity and ageing all raise the risk.
  • Some people inherit a faulty gene that raises their risk, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2.

🫀 What it does to the body

  • Cancer cells form a lump (tumour) that can press on or invade nearby organs.
  • They can travel through the blood or lymph to start new tumours elsewhere (metastasis).
  • Blood cancers crowd out healthy blood cells in the bone marrow.

🧱 Why it is hard to cure

  • Every cancer is different, even between two people with the same type - and inside one tumour.
  • Cancer cells keep changing, so they can learn to resist a medicine that worked at first.
  • Cancer cells are the body's own cells, so killing them without harming healthy cells is hard.
  • Many cancers cause no symptoms until they have spread, and a new medicine often takes more than ten years to go from the lab to patients.

🚀 What research is trying now

  • Targeted medicines against the exact gene change in a tumour (for example EGFR, ALK or KRAS).
  • Immunotherapy that helps the immune system recognise cancer, including CAR-T cell therapy.
  • Personalised cancer vaccines built from each tumour's mutations, now in late trials.
  • Blood tests that look for tumour DNA to find cancer earlier, and AI to read scans and slides.

General information about cancer, reviewed by people; it does not describe any one person. Below: the evidence for female reproductive organ cancer itself.

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AI briefing

Where the science on female reproductive organ cancer stands, from the evidence on this page

AI reads the targets, drugs, trials and papers below and writes where the science stands — every claim cited. It is shared with everyone who opens female reproductive organ cancer.

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🎯

Top targets

Genes and proteins ranked by Open Targets evidence (0-1)
BRCA1 BRCA1 DNA repair associatedPROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.90
BRCA2 BRCA2 DNA repair associatedPROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.90
MSH6 mutS homolog 6PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.89
PTEN phosphatase and tensin homologPROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.86
PIK3CA phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alphaPROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.86
TP53 tumor protein p53PROTACothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.86
RAD51C RAD51 paralog CPROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.84
MSH2 mutS homolog 2PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.82
FGFR2 fibroblast growth factor receptor 2PROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.82
BRIP1 BRCA1 interacting DNA helicase 1PROTAC🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.81
RAD51D RAD51 paralog DPROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.80
FBXO11 F-box protein 11PROTAC🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.79
PALB2 partner and localizer of BRCA2PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.79
POLE DNA polymerase epsilon, catalytic subunitPROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.79
CTNNB1 catenin beta 1PROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.78

Green labels: what the target is known to be druggable by. The score combines genetics, somatic mutations, drugs, expression and literature.

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Drugs and candidates

Every medicine linked to female reproductive organ cancer, by how far it has got
In phase 2 / 3 · 13
AbexinostatHistone deacetylase inhibitorPhase 2
AtezolizumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1 inhibitorPhase 2
BevacizumabVascular endothelial growth factor A inhibitorPhase 2
BleomycinPhase 2
CarboplatinPhase 2
CisplatinPhase 2
Show all 13
FulvestrantEstrogen receptor alpha antagonist; Estrogen receptor degraderPhase 2
NeratinibEpidermal growth factor receptor erbB1 inhibitor; Receptor protein-tyrosine kinase erbB-2…Phase 2
OlaparibPARP 1, 2 and 3 inhibitorPhase 2
PaclitaxelTubulin inhibitorPhase 2
PalbociclibCDK6/cyclin D1 inhibitor; Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/cyclin D1 inhibitorPhase 2
PrasteronePhase 2
RelacorilantGlucocorticoid receptor antagonistPhase 2
Early trials · 14
CalcitriolVitamin D receptor agonistPhase 1
CapivasertibSerine/threonine-protein kinase AKT inhibitorPhase 1
CediranibStem cell growth factor receptor inhibitor; Platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhib…Phase 1
CyclophosphamidePhase 1
DocetaxelTubulin inhibitorPhase 1
DurvalumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1 inhibitorPhase 1
Show all 14
GanciclovirHuman herpesvirus 1 DNA polymerase inhibitorPhase 1
GemcitabineRibonucleoside-diphosphate reductase RR1 inhibitor; DNA polymerase (alpha/delta/epsilon) …Phase 1
SeribantumabReceptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3 antagonist; Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB…Phase 1
TasadenoturevPhase 1
TemsirolimusFK506-binding protein 1A inhibitorPhase 1
Topotecan HydrochlorideDNA topoisomerase I inhibitorPhase 1
TremelimumabCytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 inhibitorPhase 1
VatalanibStem cell growth factor receptor inhibitor; Platelet-derived growth factor receptor inhib…Phase 1
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Recruiting trials

Worldwide, open to new patients now
Access to Genetic Testing in Underserved Patients With CancerNCT06422455 · NA · 📍 Los AngelesProspective RegIstration Of the peRformance of the IoTa ADNEX Model in Dutch gYnaecological PracticeNCT06103916 · n/a · 📍 VeldhovenThe Ohio State University (OSU) SCREEN Community ProgramNCT06666192 · NA · 📍 ColumbusIdentification of Genetic, Phenotypic, Clinical, Biological and Histological Factors Differentiating Patients…NCT07361471 · NA · 📍 Clermont-FerrandPhase II Study of Artesunate Ointment for the Treatment of Vulvar High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions…NCT06075264 · Phase 2 · 📍 Fort MyersSelective Removal of Endometriotic Lesions Using CUSA Clarity in Ovarian EndometriomasNCT07215130 · n/a · 📍 KanazawaChemoINTEL Assay Algorithm Development Study: In-Vitro Cytotoxic Drug Induced Apoptosis Correlation with Pati…NCT06844136 · n/a · 📍 LiverpoolAn Phase Ib/II Clinical Trial of TCC1727 Combination Therapy in Advanced Solid TumorsNCT07371663 · Phase 1, Phase 2 · 📍 BeijingA Study of MT-4561 in Patients With Various Advanced Solid TumorsNCT06943521 · Phase 1, Phase 2 · 📍 Los AngelesA Clinical Study of LM103 Injection in the Treatment of Advanced Solid TumorsNCT05366478 · Phase 1 · 📍 TianjinFluzoparib Combined With Bevacizumab in PSROC Previously Treated With PARPiNCT05551208 · Phase 2 · 📍 ChongqingIntra-lesional Tumor Boost for Bulky Cervical CancerNCT07435376 · Phase 2 · 📍 Seongnam-si Search more trials →
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Newest research

Latest papers on PubMed
Phyto-progestins for the management of oligomenorrhea and/or endometrial thickening in reproductive-age breast cancer survivors w…Gynecol Endocrinol 2026 · PMID 42963866Diagnostic and prognostic significance of p16, p53, and PD-L1 expression in cervical lesions: A combined immunohistochemical, his…Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2026 · PMID 42961561Long-term endocrine and reproductive outcomes in female adolescent and young adult survivors after hematopoietic stem cell transp…Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2026 · PMID 42959179Cervical cytological abnormalities and human papillomavirus status in HPV-vaccinated and unvaccinated women: a cross-sectional st…BMC Womens Health 2026 · PMID 42958299Towards a sequential microbiome therapy for HPV-associated cervicovaginal dysbiosis.Commun Biol 2026 · PMID 42957839Differential Modulation of Galectin-3 by Tamoxifen and Progesterone Receptor Modulators: An In Vitro and In Silico Study.In Vivo 2026 · PMID 42957243Galectin-3 as a Candidate Marker of Endocrine-modulator-associated Endometrial Remodeling During Breast Cancer Endocrine Therapy.In Vivo 2026 · PMID 42957240From imaging to insight: Assessing the diagnostic performance of MRI in endometrial cancer staging.J Cancer Res Ther 2026 · PMID 42955981 Ask a research question in the Hypothesis Lab →
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AI Cure shows public evidence (Open Targets, ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, openFDA, DepMap, AlphaFold) with its source, and AI summaries that cite it — not medical advice and not a cure. Treatment decisions belong with your doctor. Research ideas are shared only with approved researchers and labs, who can test them. In an emergency call your local emergency number (112 in India and Europe, 911 in the US). AI Cure Terms of Use · Privacy