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🗺️ Disease Atlas · Endocrine system disorder

small cell lung carcinoma

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm, accounting for 10-15% of lung cancer cases, characterized byrapid growth, and early metastasis. SCLC usually manifests as a large hilar mass with bulky mediastinal lymphadenopathy presenting clinically with chest pain, persistent cough, dyspnea, wheezing, hoarseness, hemoptysis, loss of appetite, weight loss, and neurological and endocrine para…

🔔 Follow weekly
🧬5088genes / proteins with evidence
💊367drugs and clinical candidates
🧪12+recruiting trials worldwide
✅11approved
📈59phase 3
🧬

Understand small cell lung carcinoma

Cancer · Cells that grow out of control
🎓 Learn more

What it is

Lung cancer is cancer that forms in tissues of the lung, usually in the cells that line the air passages. It is the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women.

There are two main types: small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. These two types grow differently and are treated differently. Non-small cell lung cancer is the more common type.

Who is more likely to develop lung cancer?

From MedlinePlus: Lung Cancer (US National Library of Medicine) ↗

🧬 Cancer: Cancer is a group of diseases in which some of the body's cells grow and divide without control, and can spread to other parts of the body.

❓ Why it happens

  • Changes (mutations) build up in the genes that tell a cell when to grow, divide and die.
  • Most of these changes happen during life: tobacco, too much sun, alcohol, some infections (such as HPV and hepatitis B and C), radiation, obesity and ageing all raise the risk.
  • Some people inherit a faulty gene that raises their risk, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2.

🫀 What it does to the body

  • Cancer cells form a lump (tumour) that can press on or invade nearby organs.
  • They can travel through the blood or lymph to start new tumours elsewhere (metastasis).
  • Blood cancers crowd out healthy blood cells in the bone marrow.

🧱 Why it is hard to cure

  • Every cancer is different, even between two people with the same type - and inside one tumour.
  • Cancer cells keep changing, so they can learn to resist a medicine that worked at first.
  • Cancer cells are the body's own cells, so killing them without harming healthy cells is hard.
  • Many cancers cause no symptoms until they have spread, and a new medicine often takes more than ten years to go from the lab to patients.

🚀 What research is trying now

  • Targeted medicines against the exact gene change in a tumour (for example EGFR, ALK or KRAS).
  • Immunotherapy that helps the immune system recognise cancer, including CAR-T cell therapy.
  • Personalised cancer vaccines built from each tumour's mutations, now in late trials.
  • Blood tests that look for tumour DNA to find cancer earlier, and AI to read scans and slides.

General information about cancer, reviewed by people; it does not describe any one person. Below: the evidence for small cell lung carcinoma itself.

🤖

AI briefing

Where the science on small cell lung carcinoma stands, from the evidence on this page

AI reads the targets, drugs, trials and papers below and writes where the science stands — every claim cited. It is shared with everyone who opens small cell lung carcinoma.

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🎯

Top targets

Genes and proteins ranked by Open Targets evidence (0-1)
RB1 RB transcriptional corepressor 1PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.73
TOP1 DNA topoisomerase IPROTACothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.65
TP53 tumor protein p53PROTACothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.63
CD274 CD274 moleculePROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.62
CDK6 cyclin dependent kinase 6PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.62
CDK4 cyclin dependent kinase 4PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.59
DLL3 delta like canonical Notch ligand 3PROTACantibodyother🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.59
PDCD1 programmed cell death 1PROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.58
TOP2A DNA topoisomerase II alphaPROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.58
TOP2B DNA topoisomerase II betaPROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.56
CD3E CD3 epsilon subunit of T-cell receptor complexPROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.56
CD3G CD3 gamma subunit of T-cell receptor complexPROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.56
CD3D CD3 delta subunit of T-cell receptor complexPROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.56
LPAR6 lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6PROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.51
LRP1B LDL receptor related protein 1BPROTACantibody🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.50

Green labels: what the target is known to be druggable by. The score combines genetics, somatic mutations, drugs, expression and literature.

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Drugs and candidates

Every medicine linked to small cell lung carcinoma, by how far it has got
Approved · 11
AtezolizumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1 inhibitorApproved
DurvalumabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1 inhibitorApproved
EtoposideDNA topoisomerase II inhibitorApproved
LurbinectedinApproved
SerplulimabProgrammed cell death protein 1 antagonistApproved
TarlatamabT cell surface glycoprotein CD3 binding agent; Delta-like protein 3 binding agentApproved
Show all 11
TislelizumabProgrammed cell death protein 1 inhibitorApproved
TopotecanDNA topoisomerase I inhibitorApproved
Topotecan HydrochlorideDNA topoisomerase I inhibitorApproved
TrilaciclibCyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor; Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 inhibitorApproved
Trilaciclib DihydrochlorideCyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor; Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 inhibitorApproved
In phase 2 / 3 · 20
AdebrelimabProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1 inhibitorPhase 3
AmrubicinDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorPhase 3
Bcg LivePhase 3
Bcg VaccinePhase 3
Belagenpumatucel-LPhase 3
BelotecanDNA topoisomerase I inhibitorPhase 3
Show all 20
BenmelstobartPhase 3
BevacizumabVascular endothelial growth factor A inhibitorPhase 3
CamrelizumabProgrammed cell death protein 1 antagonistPhase 3
CarboplatinPhase 3
CatequentinibVascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 inhibitor; Vascular endothelial growth fact…Phase 3
Catequentinib HydrochloridePhase 3
CisplatinPhase 3
CyclophosphamidePhase 3
DoxorubicinDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorPhase 3
Doxorubicin HydrochlorideDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorPhase 3
EnoxaparinPhase 3
EpirubicinPhase 3
Epirubicin HydrochloridePhase 3
Etoposide PhosphateDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorPhase 3
Early trials · 20
2X-121Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase-1 inhibitor; Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 inhibitorPhase 1/2
AmifostinePhase 1/2
AuranofinPhase 1/2
AzacitidineDNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A inhibitor; DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 inh…Phase 1/2
BempegaldesleukinPhase 1/2
BendamustinePhase 1/2
Show all 20
Bintrafusp AlfaProgrammed cell death 1 ligand 1 binding agent; Transforming growth factor beta binding a…Phase 1/2
BirinapantcIAP1/cIAP2 inhibitorPhase 1/2
Biw-8962Phase 1/2
BomedemstatLysine-specific histone demethylase 1 inhibitorPhase 1/2
CamptothecinPhase 1/2
Carfilzomib26S proteasome inhibitorPhase 1/2
CelecoxibCyclooxygenase-2 inhibitorPhase 1/2
CetrelimabProgrammed cell death protein 1 inhibitorPhase 1/2
Chlorogenic AcidPhase 1/2
CirtuvivintPhase 1/2
CobimetinibDual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 inhibitor; Dual specificity mi…Phase 1/2
Ct-7001Phase 1/2
DalotuzumabInsulin-like growth factor I receptor antagonistPhase 1/2
Dfp-13318Phase 1/2
🧪

Recruiting trials

Worldwide, open to new patients now
Prophylactic Inhaled Steroids to Reduce Radiation Pneumonitis Frequency and Severity in Lung Cancer PatientsNCT03803787 · Phase 2 · 📍 Mexico CityRecistTM Criteria in Evaluating the Efficacy of Targeted Therapy for NSCLCNCT06142058 · n/a · 📍 ChongqingBolstering Outcomes After Induction With Osimertinib Plus Chemotherapy Through Optimized Site-Directed Primar…NCT07073365 · Phase 2 · 📍 BusanTrilaciclib in Combination With Docetaxel for Second-Line and Beyond Treatment of Locally Advanced or Metasta…NCT06929936 · Phase 2 · 📍 XiamenVMD-928 Monotherapy and in Combination With Pembrolizumab to Treat TrkA Overexpression Driven Solid Tumors or…NCT03556228 · Phase 1, Phase 2 · 📍 Santa RosaPulmonary Rehabilitation in Advanced Lung Cancer SurvivorsNCT07104630 · Phase 2 · 📍 ClevelandMaintenance Lurbinectedin in Combination With Serplulimab for Patients With ES-SCLCNCT06497530 · Phase 2 · 📍 GuangzhouStudy on the Microbial Environment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Based on Mycogenomics and Its Clinical Relev…NCT07783971 · n/a · 📍 ChongqingOsimertinib Therapy After Resection in High-risk Stage I EGFRm NSCLC (OSTAR)NCT05686434 · Phase 2 · 📍 TianjinAn Phase Ib/II Clinical Trial of TCC1727 Combination Therapy in Advanced Solid TumorsNCT07371663 · Phase 1, Phase 2 · 📍 BeijingPathological Response After Neoadjuvant Treatment on NSCLCNCT05167487 · n/a · 📍 A CoruñaAspects of Quality of Life During Adjuvant Oncological Treatment for Locally Advanced Lung Cancer Which Inclu…NCT07754409 · n/a · 📍 Gothenburg Search more trials →
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Newest research

Latest papers on PubMed
Thalidomide dose selection for prevention of camrelizumab-induced reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation: a multi…Front Immunol 2026 · PMID 42964306Critical roles of the long noncoding RNA SNHG4 in human cancers.Cell Div 2026 · PMID 42963792PD-L1 expression across molecular driver subsets in non-small cell lung carcinoma: a 299-case real-world thoracic oncology cohort.BMC Cancer 2026 · PMID 42963764Decoding Lung Cancer with Artificial Intelligence: A Path to Personalized Diagnostics and Therapy.J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2026 · PMID 42962202Primary pulmonary small cell carcinoma in a 13-year-old boy with prolonged second-hand tobacco smoke exposure: A rare pediatric l…Respir Med Case Rep 2026 · PMID 42960200Shining a Light on the Mechanisms of Drug Resistance to Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.Hum Mutat 2026 · PMID 42959600Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma With Bilayered Architecture and TP53 Alteration: A Diagnostic Pitfall and a Potential Distinct Enti…Thorac Cancer 2026 · PMID 42958874Cost-effectiveness analysis of sintilimab versus docetaxel as second-line therapy for squamous non-small cell lung Cancer in Chin…Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res 2026 · PMID 42958810 Ask a research question in the Hypothesis Lab →
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