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🗺️ Disease Atlas · Immune system disorder

plasma cell myeloma

A bone marrow-based plasma cell neoplasm characterized by a serum monoclonal protein and skeletal destruction with osteolytic lesions, pathological fractures, bone pain, hypercalcemia, and anemia. Clinical variants include non-secretory myeloma, smoldering myeloma, indolent myeloma, and plasma cell leukemia. (WHO, 2001)

🔔 Follow weekly
🧬5341genes / proteins with evidence
💊553drugs and clinical candidates
🧪12+recruiting trials worldwide
✅38approved
📈64phase 3
🧬

Understand plasma cell myeloma

Cancer · Cells that grow out of control
🎓 Learn more

What it is

No one knows the exact causes of multiple myeloma, but it is more common in older people and African Americans. It can run in families. Common symptoms may include:

Bone pain, often in the back or ribs

Fractures (broken bones)

From MedlinePlus: Multiple Myeloma (US National Library of Medicine) ↗

🧬 Cancer: Cancer is a group of diseases in which some of the body's cells grow and divide without control, and can spread to other parts of the body.

❓ Why it happens

  • Changes (mutations) build up in the genes that tell a cell when to grow, divide and die.
  • Most of these changes happen during life: tobacco, too much sun, alcohol, some infections (such as HPV and hepatitis B and C), radiation, obesity and ageing all raise the risk.
  • Some people inherit a faulty gene that raises their risk, such as BRCA1 or BRCA2.

🫀 What it does to the body

  • Cancer cells form a lump (tumour) that can press on or invade nearby organs.
  • They can travel through the blood or lymph to start new tumours elsewhere (metastasis).
  • Blood cancers crowd out healthy blood cells in the bone marrow.

🧱 Why it is hard to cure

  • Every cancer is different, even between two people with the same type - and inside one tumour.
  • Cancer cells keep changing, so they can learn to resist a medicine that worked at first.
  • Cancer cells are the body's own cells, so killing them without harming healthy cells is hard.
  • Many cancers cause no symptoms until they have spread, and a new medicine often takes more than ten years to go from the lab to patients.

🚀 What research is trying now

  • Targeted medicines against the exact gene change in a tumour (for example EGFR, ALK or KRAS).
  • Immunotherapy that helps the immune system recognise cancer, including CAR-T cell therapy.
  • Personalised cancer vaccines built from each tumour's mutations, now in late trials.
  • Blood tests that look for tumour DNA to find cancer earlier, and AI to read scans and slides.

General information about cancer, reviewed by people; it does not describe any one person. Below: the evidence for plasma cell myeloma itself.

🤖

AI briefing

Where the science on plasma cell myeloma stands, from the evidence on this page

AI reads the targets, drugs, trials and papers below and writes where the science stands — every claim cited. It is shared with everyone who opens plasma cell myeloma.

🎯

Top targets

Genes and proteins ranked by Open Targets evidence (0-1)
CRBN cereblonPROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.71
TNFRSF17 TNF receptor superfamily member 17PROTACantibodyother🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.68
TP53 tumor protein p53PROTACothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.67
LIG4 DNA ligase 4PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.66
KRAS KRas proto-oncogene, GTPasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.66
CXCR4 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4PROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.66
FGFR3 fibroblast growth factor receptor 3PROTACantibodyothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.65
NRAS NRAS proto-oncogene, GTPasePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.64
XPO1 exportin 1PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.64
CD38 CD38 moleculePROTACantibodysmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.63
NR3C1 nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1PROTACothersmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.62
RBX1 ring-box 1PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.62
PSMB8 proteasome 20S subunit beta 8PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.62
PSMA3 proteasome 20S subunit alpha 3PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.62
PSMA4 proteasome 20S subunit alpha 4PROTACsmall molecule🧊 AlphaFold structure ↗ 0.62

Green labels: what the target is known to be druggable by. The score combines genetics, somatic mutations, drugs, expression and literature.

💊

Drugs and candidates

Every medicine linked to plasma cell myeloma, by how far it has got
Approved · 20
Belantamab MafodotinTumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17 binding agent; Tubulin inhibitorApproved
Bortezomib26S proteasome inhibitorApproved
Bortezomib D-Mannitol26S proteasome inhibitorApproved
Carfilzomib26S proteasome inhibitorApproved
CarmustineGlutathione reductase inhibitorApproved
Ciltacabtagene AutoleucelTumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17 binding agentApproved
Show all 20
CyclophosphamideApproved
DaratumumabLymphocyte differentiation antigen CD38 inhibitorApproved
DenosumabTumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 inhibitorApproved
DexamethasoneGlucocorticoid receptor agonistApproved
DoxorubicinDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorApproved
Doxorubicin HydrochlorideDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorApproved
ElotuzumabSLAM family member 7 inhibitorApproved
ElranatamabT cell surface glycoprotein CD3 binding agent; Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily…Approved
Hyaluronidase (Human Recombinant)Approved
Idecabtagene VicleucelTumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17 binding agentApproved
Interferon Alfa-2BInterferon alpha/beta receptor agonistApproved
IsatuximabLymphocyte differentiation antigen CD38 inhibitorApproved
Ixazomib26S proteasome inhibitorApproved
Ixazomib Citrate26S proteasome inhibitorApproved
In phase 2 / 3 · 20
(R)-MelphalanPhase 3
AlnuctamabPhase 3
AmifostinePhase 3
Anitocabtagene AutoleucelPhase 3
Arlocabtagene AutoleucelPhase 3
ArmodafinilDopamine transporter inhibitorPhase 3
Show all 20
BendamustinePhase 3
BetamethasoneGlucocorticoid receptor agonistPhase 3
Betamethasone DipropionateGlucocorticoid receptor agonistPhase 3
Betamethasone Sodium PhosphateGlucocorticoid receptor agonistPhase 3
BusulfanPhase 3
CevostamabPhase 3
CisplatinPhase 3
ClarithromycinBacterial 70S ribosome inhibitorPhase 3
ColchicineTubulin inhibitorPhase 3
CytarabineDNA polymerase (alpha/delta/epsilon) inhibitorPhase 3
Epoetin AlfaErythropoietin receptor agonistPhase 3
Epoetin BetaErythropoietin receptor agonistPhase 3
Equecabtagene AutoleucelPhase 3
EtentamigPhase 3
Early trials · 20
Abc-294640Sphingosine kinase 2 inhibitorPhase 1/2
AlethinePhase 1/2
AlisertibSerine/threonine-protein kinase Aurora-A inhibitorPhase 1/2
AmrubicinDNA topoisomerase II alpha inhibitorPhase 1/2
Apg-2575Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 inhibitorPhase 1/2
ApricoxibCyclooxygenase-2 inhibitorPhase 1/2
Show all 20
Ar-42Phase 1/2
AspirinCyclooxygenase inhibitorPhase 1/2
At-7519Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitorPhase 1/2
AtiprimodPhase 1/2
BelantamabPhase 1/2
BelumosudilRho-associated protein kinase 2 inhibitor; Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitorPhase 1/2
Biw-8962Phase 1/2
BrostallicinPhase 1/2
CannabidiolCannabinoid CB1 receptor negative allosteric modulatorPhase 1/2
CapecitabineThymidylate synthase inhibitorPhase 1/2
CedazuridineCytidine deaminase inhibitorPhase 1/2
CerivastatinHMG-CoA reductase inhibitorPhase 1/2
CizutamigPhase 1/2
CobimetinibDual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 inhibitor; Dual specificity mi…Phase 1/2
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Recruiting trials

Worldwide, open to new patients now
A Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Cemsidomide + Dexamethasone in Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Mult…NCT07284758 · Phase 2 · 📍 HuntsvilleMeasurable Residual Disease-Guided Post-Transplant Elranatamab MaintenanceNCT06483100 · Phase 2 · 📍 St LouisIberdomide, Daratumumab, Carfilzomib, and Dexamethasone (Iber-KDd) in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multi…NCT05896228 · Phase 2 · 📍 MiamiA Study to Evaluate Efficacy, Safety, and PK of XEMBIFY®+Standard Medical Treatment (SMT) Compared to Placebo…NCT05645107 · Phase 3 · 📍 Bullhead CityIn-Human CXCR4 Imaging of Hematologic and Solid Tumors Using [68Ga]-Pentixafor-PETNCT05093335 · EARLY Phase 1 · 📍 New YorkUniversal CAR-T Cell Therapy for MMNCT07248176 · NA · 📍 ShanghaiCHAAMP (CHArlotte Advocate MGUS Project) Internal Pilot StudyNCT06644625 · n/a · 📍 CharlotteDefining the Role of Palliative carE for Patients With Hematologic Malignancies Undergoing Adoptive CEllular …NCT05646576 · NA · 📍 BostonInobrodib, Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone Versus Standard Available Therapy in Relapsed or Refractory Multipl…NCT07772024 · Phase 3 · 📍 MiamiMinimal Residual Disease Response-adapted Deferral of Transplant in Dysproteinemia (MILESTONE)NCT04991103 · Phase 2 · 📍 BirminghamA Study to Investigate the Safety and Efficacy of Belantamab for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma When Used …NCT05714839 · Phase 1, Phase 2 · 📍 Bullhead CityMoving Forward With Myeloma: A Lifestyle Intervention for Individuals With Multiple MyelomaNCT07236502 · NA · 📍 Maywood Search more trials →
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AI Cure shows public evidence (Open Targets, ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, openFDA, DepMap, AlphaFold) with its source, and AI summaries that cite it — not medical advice and not a cure. Treatment decisions belong with your doctor. Research ideas are shared only with approved researchers and labs, who can test them. In an emergency call your local emergency number (112 in India and Europe, 911 in the US). AI Cure Terms of Use · Privacy